Which item is excluded from Watson's carative factors?

Which item is excluded from Watson's carative factors?

• A. Forming humanistic-altruistic value system
• B. Instilling faith-hope
• C. Cultivating sensitivity to self and others
• D. Strengthening flexible lines of defense

Answer: (D)

Focusing on Watson’s approach to nursing, carative factors are the caring actions that foster a deep nurse–patient relationship and holistic healing, including forming a humanistic-altruistic value system, instilling faith and hope, and cultivating sensitivity to self and others. These elements emphasize connection, emotional expression, and spiritual support as central to care. Strengthening flexible lines of defense does not fit this framework; it comes from Neuman’s Systems Model, where it describes buffers against stress within a patient’s boundary system. So that item is excluded from Watson’s carative factors because it reflects a different theoretical focus on stress and system protection, not the caring, relational processes Watson promotes.

Focusing on Watson’s approach to nursing, carative factors are the caring actions that foster a deep nurse–patient relationship and holistic healing, including forming a humanistic-altruistic value system, instilling faith and hope, and cultivating sensitivity to self and others. These elements emphasize connection, emotional expression, and spiritual support as central to care. Strengthening flexible lines of defense does not fit this framework; it comes from Neuman’s Systems Model, where it describes buffers against stress within a patient’s boundary system. So that item is excluded from Watson’s carative factors because it reflects a different theoretical focus on stress and system protection, not the caring, relational processes Watson promotes.